Coming dissertations at Uppsala university
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Role of Fatty Acid Composition in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: a Dietary Perspective : Results from Interventional and Observational Studies
Link: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-524500
The overall aim of this doctoral thesis was to investigate the role of circulating, liver and dietary fatty acids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). For circulating and liver fatty acids, special emphasis was given to fatty acids reflecting diet.
In paper I, circulating cholesteryl ester (CE) linoleic acid (18:2n-6), which is considered a good biomarker of dietary intake of 18:2n-6, was cross-sectionally inversely associated with liver fat in n=308 50-year old men and women. Several fatty acids reflecting both exogenous intake and endogenous metabolism were associated with liver fat, basal fat oxidation and resting energy expenditure (REE). No association between fatty acids and liver fat, except for docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and liver fat, were attenuated after adjusting for REE.
In paper II, phospholipid (PL) 22:6n-3 in liver tissue, a potential biomarker of dietary intake of 22:6n-3, was cross-sectionally inversely associated with liver fibrosis in n=60 men and women with biopsy-verified NAFLD. This finding was not replicated in plasma. Several other fatty acids reflecting both exogenous intake and endogenous metabolism were associated with fibrosis. Pooled saturated fatty acids (SFA) were generally positively associated whereas monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were inversely associated with fibrosis.
In paper III, no clear (i.e. imprecise) associations were observed for any of the nutrient or food substitutions with incidence NAFLD cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), over a median follow-up of 24 years in n>77 000 middle-aged to elderly men and women.
In paper IV, a 12-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to investigate the effects of a low-carbohydrate high PUFA (LCPUFA) diet and a healthy Nordic diet (HND) on liver fat in men and women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or prediabetes. The comparator diet (usual care (UC)) aligned with the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. Liver fat decreased more in the LCPUFA diet and the HND versus UC. No difference in liver fat was observed between LCPUFA and HND. The LCPUFA diet and the HND improved several other cardiometabolic markers compared to UC, with more favorable improvements in the HND group.
In conclusion, findings from this thesis suggest that higher intakes of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (in particular PUFA) and lower intakes of SFA may be of importance for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD (at least for liver fat and fibrosis). Findings from this thesis also suggest that fatty acids reflecting both diet and endogenous metabolism may play a role in NAFLD.
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Mellan åtal och dom : Om underlaget och ramarna för rättens bedömning av frågorna om skuld, rubricering och påföljd
Link: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-525873
Between Indictment and Judgment. On the Basis for and the Limits of the Court’s Assessmentof Questions Concerning Guilt, Legal Qualification and Sentence.
This study concerns the relationship between the indictment and the judgment in Swedish criminal procedure. Three central aspects of the criminal judgment are covered: The question of the accused’s guilt (the alleged criminal act in the indictment), the legal qualification of the offence and the sentence. The rule governing this relationship, between indictment and judgment, can be found in Chapter 30 paragraph 3 of the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure. The requirements on the contents of the indictment are carefully examined, as well as other procedural acts, by the accused and by the court itself through its direction of the proceedings, that can have an effect on the limits of the court’s examination of criminal cases.
Two questions of paramount importance are covered in-depth: How detailed must the indictment be (and what are the consequences of vagueness in the indictment)? And how should the principle that the court is bound by the indictment be interpreted? It is argued that a flexible standard for the indictment should be applied, allowing different legal consequences for varying deficiencies. With regard to the court being bound by the indictment, is argued that the theory of literary interpretation of the indictment is flawed, and that the demands of the principle of contradictory proceedings should determine the boundaries of the criminal act in the indictment.
The study also contains a comprehensive examination of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights concerning the right of the accused to be informed of the natureand cause of the accusation, contained in Article 6 § 3 (a) of the European Convention of Human Rights.
The material rules of immediate interest are explored against the backdrop of a lengthy investigation into their historical and ideological underpinnings. The history of Swedish criminal procedure is described, as well as various theoretical developments. In particular, the question if Swedish criminal procedure should best be described as inquisitorial or accusatorial/adversarial and questions concerning the function of criminal procedure are investigated.
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The Woke Franchise : Representing and Co-opting Resistance in Young Adult, Superhero, and Speculative Fiction
Link: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-521775
In the last decade, U.S. popular literary culture has been under increasing pressure to include more racially and other marginalized groups. This study shows how this has led writers, publishing companies, literary prizes, and a host of other dominant corporate and cultural actors to align themselves with social justice through the representation of marginalized identities. I argue that this forms part of a broader media trend, in which media industries are rebranding themselves as progressive by engaging with identity politics. I contend that this phenomenon, which I call the ‘woke franchise,’ is an economic and sociocultural strategy and system that converts the struggles for recognition and empowerment by oppressed groups into economic, symbolic, and sociopolitical value. The study therefore draws a parallel between the woke franchise and the commercial strategies of neoliberal ‘woke’ capitalism. In pursuing this argument, I zero in on how popular literary culture is investing in writers of color to ally itself to the cause of racial minorities. The first chapter explores how Young Adult publishers have built a diverse-books market around bestselling novels written by BIPOC women. The second chapter investigates how Marvel Comics has been diversifying its superhero franchises by assigning them to well-known writers of color. The third chapter turns to speculative fiction, illustrating how the field has been using awards to signal its commitment to racial justice.
While failing to contribute to the structural empowerment of racially marginalized groups, these instances of minority representation, I argue, nevertheless open up avenues for writers to engage themselves politically in the system that I describe as the woke franchise. In close readings of Angie Thomas’s Young Adult coming-of-age novel The Hate U Give (2017), Gabby Rivera’s America comic series (2017–2018), and N.K. Jemisin’s award-winning Broken Earth science fantasy trilogy (2015–2017), I analyze how these works and their writers articulate ways to resist entrenched systems of oppression and inequality. The works, I therefore maintain, should be understood as complex, though not always successful attempts at negotiating the tensions between struggles for social justice, and endeavors by their corporate and cultural stakeholders to extract value from those struggles.